Applicable GDPR | The GDPR as was applied by Chapter 3 of Part 2 of the Data Protection Act 2018 before 31 Dec 2020. |
binding corporate rules | Personal data protection policies which are adhered to by a controller or processor established on the territory of a Member State for transfers or a set of transfers of personal data to a controller or processor in one or more third countries within a group of undertakings, or group of enterprises engaged in a joint economic activity |
biometric data | Personal data resulting from specific technical processing relating to the physical, physiological or behavioural characteristics of a natural person, which allow or confirm the unique identification of that natural person, such as facial images or dactyloscopic data. |
consent | Any freely given, specific, informed and unambiguous indication of the data subject's wishes by which he or she, by a statement or by a clear affirmative action, signifies agreement to the processing of personal data relating to him or her; |
controller | Any natural or legal person, public authority, agency or other body which, alone or jointly with others, determines the purposes and means of the processing of personal data. |
cross-border processing | Either (a) processing of personal data which takes place in the context of the activities of establishments in more than one EU Member State of a controller or processor in the EU where the controller or processor is established in more than one EU Member State; or (b) processing of personal data which takes place in the context of the activities of a single establishment of a controller or processor in the EU but which substantially affects or is likely to substantially affect data subjects in more than one Member State (cf TBDF or transborder data flow). |
dactyloscopic data | fingerprints |
data concerning health | Personal data related to the physical or mental health of a natural person, including the provision of health care services, which reveal information about his or her health status |
data processing principles | The principles by which personal data may lawfully be processed as set out in art 6 (1) of the GDPR: (b) processing is necessary for the performance of a contract to which the data subject is party or in order to take steps at the request of the data subject prior to entering into a contract; (c) processing is necessary for compliance with a legal obligation to which the controller is subject; (d) processing is necessary in order to protect the vital interests of the data subject or of another natural person; (e) processing is necessary for the performance of a task carried out in the public interest or in the exercise of official authority vested in the controller; (f) processing is necessary for the purposes of the legitimate interests pursued by the controller or by a third party, except where such interests are overridden by the interests or fundamental rights and freedoms of the data subject which require protection of personal data, in particular where the data subject is a child. |
Data Protection Act | An Act to make provision for the regulation of the processing of information relating to individuals; to make provision in connection with the Information Commissioner’s functions under certain regulations relating to information; to make provision for a direct marketing code of practice; and for connected purposes |
Data Protection Commissioner | The official charged with the operation of the 1998 Act. The official's title was changed to Information Commissioner by s.18 (1) of the Freedom of Information Act 2000. |
Data Protection Convention | Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data signed at Strasbourg on 28 Jan 1981 (European Treaty Series 108) |
Data Protection Directive | Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 October 1995 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data. |
Data Protection Law Enforcement Directive | Directive (EU) 2016/680 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by competent authorities for the purposes of the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties, and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Council Framework Decision 2008/977/JHA |
| The Data Protection, Privacy and Electronic Communications (Amendments etc) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 | The statutory instrument that amended the GDPR after its incorporation into the laws of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland by s.3 (1) of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018, the Data Protection Act 2018 and other legislation to take account of the expiry of the transition or implementation period provided by art 126 of the agreement by which the UK withdrew from the EU. |
Data Protection Registrar | The official charged with the operation of the 1984 Act. |
data subject | An identified or identifiable natural person |
enterprise | Any natural or legal person engaged in an economic activity, irrespective of its legal form, including partnerships or associations regularly engaged in an economic activity. |
filing system | Any structured set of personal data which are accessible according to specific criteria, whether centralized, decentralized or dispersed on a functional or geographical basis; |
GDPR | General Data Protection Regulation, Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC |
genetic data | Personal data relating to the inherited or acquired genetic characteristics of a natural person which give unique information about the physiology or the health of that natural person and which result, in particular, from an analysis of a biological sample from the natural person in question; |
group of undertakings | A controlling undertaking and its controlled undertakings; |
ICO | Information Commissioner’s Office, Office of the Information Commissioner, the supervisory authority for the UK. |
Identifiable natural person | A natural person who can be identified, directly or indirectly, in particular by reference to an identifier such as a name, an identification number, location data, an online identifier or to one or more factors specific to the physical, physiological, genetic, mental, economic, cultural or social identity of that person. |
Information Commissioner | A corporation sole appointed by the Queen by letters patent pursuant to s.114 and Scged 12 or the Data Protection Act 2018. |
information society service | Any service normally provided for remuneration, at a distance, by electronic means and at the individual request of a recipient of service within the meaning of art 1 (1) (b) of Directive (EU) 2015/1535 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 September 2015 laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical regulations and of rules on Information Society services (codification). |
international organization | Any organization and its subordinate bodies governed by public international law, or any other body which is set up by, or on the basis of, an agreement between two or more countries |
main establishment as regards a controller with establishments in more than one EU Member State | The place of the controller’s central administration in the EU, unless the decisions on the purposes and means of the processing of personal data are taken in another establishment of the controller in the EU and the latter establishment has the power to have such decisions implemented, in which case the establishment having taken such decisions is to be considered to be the main establishment; |
main establishment as regards a processor with establishments in more than one EU Member State | The place of the processor’s central administration in the EU, or, if the processor has no central administration in the EU, the establishment of the processor in the EU where the main processing activities in the context of the activities of an establishment of the processor take place to the extent that the processor is subject to specific obligations under the GDPR; |
OECD Guidelines | OECD Guidelines on the Protection of Privacy and Transborder Flows of Personal Data |
personal data | Any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person. |
personal data breach | Any breach of security leading to the accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorized disclosure of, or access to, personal data transmitted, stored or otherwise processed |
processing | Any operation or set of operations which is performed on personal data or on sets of personal data, whether or not by automated means, such as collection, recording, organisation, structuring, storage, adaptation or alteration, retrieval, consultation, use, disclosure by transmission, dissemination or otherwise making available, alignment or combination, restriction, erasure or destruction. |
processor | Any natural or legal person, public authority, agency or other body which processes personal data on behalf of the controller. |
profiling | Any form of automated processing of personal data consisting of the use of personal data to evaluate certain personal aspects relating to a natural person, in particular to analyse or predict aspects concerning that natural person's performance at work, economic situation, health, personal preferences, interests, reliability, behaviour, location or movements; |
pseudonymisation | Processing of personal data in such a manner that the personal data can no longer be attributed to a specific data subject without the use of additional information, provided that such additional information is kept separately and is subject to technical and organisational measures to ensure that the personal data are not attributed to an identified or identifiable natural person. |
recipient | Any natural or legal person, public authority, agency or another body, to whom or to which personal data are disclosed,whether a third party or not, other than a public authority that lawfully receives such data in accordance with EU or national law for a legitimate purpose. |
relevant and reasoned objection | An objection to a draft decision as to whether there is an infringement of the GDPR, or whether envisaged action in relation to the controller or processor complies with the GDPR, which clearly demonstrates the significance of the risks posed by the draft decision as regards the fundamental rights and freedoms of data subjects and, where applicable, the free flow of personal data within the EU; |
representative | Any natural or legal person established in the EU who, designated by the controller or processor in writing pursuant to art 27 of the GDPR, represents the controller or processor with regard to their respective obligations under that regulation; |
restriction of processing | Marking stored personal data with the aim of limiting the processing of such data in the future; |
supervisory authority | An independent public authority which is established by a Member State pursuant to art 51 GDPR. |
supervisory authority concerned | A supervisory authority which is concerned by the processing of personal data because: (a) the controller or processor is established on the territory of the EU Member State of that supervisory authority; (b) data subjects residing in the Member State of that supervisory authority are substantially affected or likely to be substantially affected by the processing; or (c) a complaint has been lodged with that supervisory authority. |
TBDF | Transborder data flow, the transfer of data from one country to another |
the 1984 Act | The Data Protection Act 1984 (1984 c 35) |
The 1998 Act | The Data Protection Act 1998 (1998 c 29) |
third party | Any natural or legal person, public authority, agency or body other than the data subject, controller, processor and persons who, under the direct authority of the controller or processor, are authorized to process personal data. |
UK GDPR | The GDPR as incorporated into the laws of England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland by s.3 of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 and amended by The Data Protection, Privacy and Electronic Communications (Amendments etc) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (SI 2019 No 433) |
